====== Installation und Konfiguration von Ubuntu 20.04 LTS ======= ===== Ubuntu besorgen ===== wget https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso ===== Grundsystem konfigurieren ===== ==== Netzwerkeinstellungen ==== * [[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/351005/how-to-export-and-migrate-networkmanager-settings-to-new-system|https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/351005/how-to- export-and-migrate-networkmanager-settings-to-new-system]] sudo su cp old_system/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections /etc/NetworkManager/ systemctl restart NetworkManager === SNAP deinstallieren === sudo apt purge snapd rm -vrf ~/snap sudo apt-mark hold snapd === Flatpack installieren === Quellen: * [[https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2020/09/warpinator-file-transfer-app-linux/|https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2020/09/warpinator-file-transfer-app-linux/]] * [[https://linuxh2o.com/how-to-install-setup-flatpak-on-ubuntu-20-04/|https://linuxh2o.com/how-to-install-setup-flatpak-on-ubuntu-20-04/]] sudo su apt install flatpak flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo # GUI: apt install gnome-software-plugin-flatpak === Binaries suchen: === $ which firefox /usr/bin/firefox $ which gnome-terminal /usr/bin/gnome-terminal ===== verwendete Paketquellen ===== |Applikation |URL: |Repository/PPA:| |Clipit |[[https://github.com/CristianHenzel/ClipIt|https://github.com/CristianHenzel/ClipIt]] |ppa:afelinczak/ppa| |AVIdemux |[[http://fixounet.free.fr/avidemux/|http://fixounet.free.fr/avidemux/]] |ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/avidemux| ===== Paketquellen - veraltet oder ungetestet in Ubuntu 20.04 ===== * andreas-diesner-ubuntu-garminplugin-xenial.list --> outdated! * fingerprint-ubuntu-fingerprint-gui-xenial.list --> in Ubuntu 20.04 integriert, siehe Einstellungen --> Benutzer * fingerprint-ubuntu-fprint-xenial.list --> siehe oben * freecad-maintainers-ubuntu-freecad-stable-xenial.list * jitsi-stable.list * jonathonf-ubuntu-ffmpeg-4-xenial.list * jonathonf-ubuntu-meson-xenial.list * jonathonf-ubuntu-vlc-3-xenial.list * js-reynaud-ubuntu-kicad-4-xenial.list * kdenlive-ubuntu-kdenlive-stable-xenial.list * librecad-dev-ubuntu-librecad-stable-xenial.list * libreoffice-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list * mkusb-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list * musicbrainz-developers-ubuntu-stable-xenial.list * nilarimogard-ubuntu-webupd8-xenial.list * openjdk-r-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list * pbek-ubuntu-qownnotes-xenial.list * pipelight-ubuntu-stable-xenial.list * playonlinux.list * rebuntu16-ubuntu-avidemux_unofficial-xenial.list * riot-im.list * savoury1-ubuntu-ffmpeg4-xenial.list * savoury1-ubuntu-graphics-xenial.list * savoury1-ubuntu-multimedia-xenial.list * savoury1-ubuntu-vlc3-xenial.list * sebastian-stenzel-ubuntu-cryptomator-xenial.list * skunk-ubuntu-pepper-flash-xenial.list * teamviewer.list * telred.list * ubuntu-wine-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list * ufleisch-ubuntu-kid3-xenial.list * videolan-ubuntu-master-daily-xenial.list * webupd8team-ubuntu-indicator-kdeconnect-xenial.list * webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list * webupd8team-ubuntu-nemo3-xenial.list * webupd8team-ubuntu-nemo-xenial.list * xenial-partner.list ===== Eigene "Starter" erstellen ===== ==== generisches Beispiel für eine Anwendung ==== * [[https://developer.gnome.org/desktop-entry-spec/|https://developer.gnome.org/desktop-entry-spec/]] Beispiele für ''*.desktop'' Dateien findet mn hier: ''/usr/share/applications/''. cd ~ touch .local/share/applications/yourapp.desktop mcedit .local/share/applications/yourapp.desktop # [Desktop Entry] Version=1.0 Type=Application Terminal=false Exec=/path/to/yourapp Name=YourApp Comment=Description of YourApp Icon=/path/to/yourapp.png # ==== generisches Beispiel für gruppierte Anwendungen ==== * https://askubuntu.com/questions/1034706/adding-grouped-icons-to-favorite-bar-in-ubuntu-18-04 cd ~ touch .local/share/applications/app-folder.desktop mcedit .local/share/applications/app-folder.desktop [Desktop Entry] Name=App folder Comment=Launch multiple apps from a single launcher Exec=notify-send "Right click" "to launch your favourite applications!" Icon=/full/path/to/your/icon-file Terminal=false Type=Application Actions=app1;app2;app3; [Desktop Action app1] Name=Files Exec=nautilus [Desktop Action app2] Name=Text Editor Exec=gedit [Desktop Action app3] Name=Terminal Exec=gnome-terminal ====== Anwendungen installieren ====== ===== System-Tools ===== mkdir -p ~/bin sudo su apt-get -y update && apt-get -y dist-upgrade # essential tools: apt-get -y install mc synaptic aptitude dconf-editor partitionmanager jfsutils reiser4progs reiserfsprogs gnome-system-tools gparted git libpam-mount ssh libsecret-tools printer-driver-cups-pdf libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk3-module cifs-utils smb4k vpnc network-manager-vpnc-gnome davfs2 # # other necessary tools apt-get -y install brasero gnome-tweak-tool unity-tweak-tool gnome-tweaks keepassxc xfsprogs hfsprogs wireshark chrome-gnome-shell ubuntu-restricted-extras gnome-shell-extensions gpsbabel gpsbabel-gui ffmpeg vlc h264enc xul-ext-lightning qpdfview pdfsam dvbcut avidemux2.7-qt5 python3-podcastparser python3-html5lib copyq ===== Gnome Panel ===== * [[https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/GNOME_Shell/Extensions/|https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/GNOME_Shell/Extensions/]] ===== GoCryptfs ===== [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/EncFS|Encfs]] wird aktuell nicht gepflegt, gnome-encfs-manager funktioniert nicht korrekt da API ab Ubuntu 19.04 geändert wurde. Ein sehr guter Ersatz ist [[https://nuetzlich.net/gocryptfs/|https://nuetzlich.net/gocryptfs/|gocryptfs]]. # gocryptfs - einfch aus dem Ubuntu Repository heraus apt install gocryptfs oder zu Fuß: * https://nuetzlich.net/gocryptfs/quickstart/ * https://github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/wiki/Mounting-on-login-using-pam_mount sudo apt install golang libssl-dev # als user: go get -d github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs cd $(go env GOPATH)/src/github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs ./build.bash sudo cp go/bin/gocryptfs /usr/local/bin/ Konfiguration: # init and use it: mkdir ~/.gocryptfs ~/Chr_decrypt gocryptfs -init ~/.gocryptfs # # Passwort im Gnome-Schlüsselbund eintragen - aktuell aber nicht verwendet! # secret-tool store --label="GoCryptfs" gocryptfs /home/christoph/.gocryptfs # gocryptfs --extpass="secret-tool lookup gocryptfs /home/christoph/.gocryptfs" ~/.gocryptfs ~/Chr_decrypt Auto Mount via ''Startprogramme''' - der einfache Weg: \\ --> Startprogramme: sh -c "/usr/bin/zenity --password --title="GoCryptFS" | /usr/bin/gocryptfs -q .gocryptfs/ Chr_decrypt/" Auto Mount via ''Startprogramme''' - der elegante Weg:\\ --> Startprogramme: sh -c "~/bin/mount_gocryptfs.sh mount" #!/bin/bash # show zenity dialog to enter password and mount encrypted folder # sh -c "/usr/bin/zenity --password --title="GoCryptFS" | /usr/bin/gocryptfs -q .gocryptfs/ Chr_decrypt/" action=$1 case "$action" in mount) if [ -e /home/christoph/Chr_decrypt/gocryptfs_Chr_decrypted ]; then echo "already mounted" else echo "mounting .." /usr/bin/zenity --password --title="GoCryptFS" | /usr/bin/gocryptfs -q .gocryptfs/ Chr_decrypt/ fi ;; umount) if [ -e /home/christoph/Chr_decrypt/gocryptfs_Chr_decrypted ]; then echo "unmounting ..." fusermount -u /home/christoph/Chr_decrypt else echo "already unmounted" fi ;; *) echo "Command unknown!" ;; esac ===== USB Security Dongle ===== ==== Nitrokey ==== * https://www.nitrokey.com/download/ubuntu sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nitrokey/nitrokey sudo apt install nitrokey-app # https://decatec.de/home-server/nextcloud-zwei-faktor-authentifizierung-mit-nitrokey-fido2/ wget https://www.nitrokey.com/sites/default/files/41-nitrokey.rules sudo mv 41-nitrokey.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/ ==== Solokey ==== xxx ==== Yubico Authenticator ==== * yubico-ubuntu-stable-xenial.list ===== Online Banking & Reiner-SCT Kartenleser ===== Einrichtung des Reiner-SCT CyberJack e-com --> [[https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/HBCI_Kartenleser/|https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/HBCI_Kartenleser/]]\\ apt-get install aqbanking-tools libccid libifd-cyberjack6 libchipcard-data libchipcard-tools libchipcard-libgwenhywfar60-plugins pcsc-tools pcsc_scan ==== Jameica & Hibiscus ==== * [[https://www.willuhn.de/wiki/doku.php?id=start|https://www.willuhn.de/wiki/doku.php?id=start]] * [[https://www.willuhn.de/products/hibiscus/download.php|https://www.willuhn.de/products/hibiscus/download.php]] # install OpenJDK first! wget https://www.willuhn.de/products/jameica/releases/current/jameica/jameica-linux64.zip unzip jameica-linux64.zip ./jameica.sh ===== UNetbootin ===== sudo su add-apt-repository ppa:gezakovacs/ppa aptitude install unetbootin ===== Epson Perfection V300 Scanner ===== * [[http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/|http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/]] sudo su # Treiber herunterladen wget https://download2.ebz.epson.net/iscan/plugin/gt-f720/deb/x64/iscan-gt-f720-bundle-2.30.4.x64.deb.tar.gz # ... entpacken ... tar xfz iscan-gt-f720-bundle-2.30.4.x64.deb.tar.gz # ... installieren ... cd iscan-gt-f720-bundle-1.0.1.x64.deb/ ./install.sh # Root PW eingeben ;-) # # fehlende UDEV Regel erstellen: echo "ATTRS{manufacturer}==\"EPSON\", DRIVERS==\"usb\", SUBSYSTEMS==\"usb\", ATTRS{idVendor}==\"04b8\", ATTRS{idProduct}==\"*\", MODE=\"0777\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/79-udev-epson.rules # # Benutzer der Gruppe scanner hinzufügen: adduser scanner ===== Brother HL3170CDW ===== * [[https://support.brother.com/g/b/producttop.aspx?c=de&lang=de&prod=hl3170cdw_all|https://support.brother.com/g/b/producttop.aspx?c=de&lang=de&prod=hl3170cdw_all]] wget https://download.brother.com/welcome/dlf006893/linux-brprinter-installer-2.2.2-2.gz tar xfz linux-brprinter-installer-2.2.2-2.gz sudo ./linux-brprinter-installer-2.2.2-2 ===== XXXX ===== # ppa:tomtomtom/woeusb --> apt-get install woeusb KRDC Filezilla Pyrenamer ====== Virtualisierung ====== ===== Wine ===== xxx ===== PlayonLinux ===== xxx ===== VirtualBox 6.1.x ===== *[[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads|https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads]] * [[https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-virtualbox-on-ubuntu-20-04/|https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-virtualbox-on-ubuntu-20-04/]] wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - sudo echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -cs) contrib" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install virtualbox-6.1 # wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.8/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-6.1.8.vbox-extpack sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-6.1.8.vbox-extpack sudo adduser $USER vboxusers ====== Kommunikation & Massanger ====== * [[https://riot.im/download/desktop/|https://riot.im/download/desktop/]] - bisher nicht verwendet! ===== Telegram ===== * [[https://desktop.telegram.org/|https://desktop.telegram.org/]] mkdir ~/bin/Telegram cd ~/bin/Telegram wget -O telegram-desktop.tar.xz https://tdesktop.com/linux tar -Jxf telegram-desktop.tar.xz ./Telegram ===== Signal ===== * [[https://signal.org/de/download/|https://signal.org/de/download/]] wget -q -O "-" https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt/keys.asc | sudo apt-key add - echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list sudo apt update && sudo apt install signal-desktop ===== Thunderbird ===== * Thunderbird --> bereits vorinstalliert ====== Office & Co. ====== ===== Foxit Reader ===== * [[https://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf-reader/|https://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf-reader/]] wget https://cdn01.foxitsoftware.com/pub/foxit/reader/desktop/linux/2.x/2.4/en_us/FoxitReader.enu.setup.2.4.4.0911.x64.run.tar.gz tar xfz FoxitReader.enu.setup.2.4.4.0911.x64.run.tar.gz ./FoxitReader.enu.setup.2.4.4.0911\(r057d814\).x64.run ===== Google Chrome ===== wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add - sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list' sudo apt update sudo apt install google-chrome-stable # oder: wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb ==== weiteres ... ==== * LibreOffice --> wird mitgeliefert! * LaTex (via Synaptic) * Gummi (via Synaptic) * TOR Browser Bundle * GIMP --> wird mitgeliefert! * WikidPad (2.2) ===== Multimedia ===== * [[https://picard.musicbrainz.org/|https://picard.musicbrainz.org/]] * [[https://www.bitblokes.de/freedb-org-macht-dicht-die-freie-datenbank-ab-31-maerz-2020-eingestellt/|https://www.bitblokes.de/freedb-org-macht-dicht-die-freie-datenbank-ab-31-maerz-2020-eingestellt/]] * [[https://www.bsdforen.de/threads/freedb-org-cddb-gibt-es-nicht-mehr-kann-man-ripperx-mit-anderer-musikdatenbank-benutzen.35675/|https://www.bsdforen.de/threads/freedb-org-cddb-gibt-es-nicht-mehr-kann-man-ripperx-mit-anderer-musikdatenbank-benutzen.35675/]] * [[https://askubuntu.com/questions/1255906/topic-ripper-x-asunder-cd-ripper|https://askubuntu.com/questions/1255906/topic-ripper-x-asunder-cd-ripper]] sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gpodder/ppa sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get insstall gpodder Fehlerbehebung in der Gpodder SQLite Datenbank: sudo su apt-get install sqlitebrowser sqlitebrowser ==== PulseAudio ==== PulseAudio Lautstärkeeinstellung für Ausgabegerät merken und in jeder Anwendung wieder herstellen:\\ * https://askubuntu.com/questions/1187401/how-can-i-stop-firefox-from-dropping-volume-on-new-media * https://askubuntu.com/questions/1257380/inconsistent-sound-volume-ubuntu-20-04 sudo su echo "flat-volumes = yes" >> /etc/pulse/daemon.conf ==== ffmped from source ==== * [https://linuxconfig.org/ubuntu-20-04-ffmpeg-installation|https://linuxconfig.org/ubuntu-20-04-ffmpeg-installation]] sudo apt update sudo apt install libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev libfdk-aac-dev libvpx-dev libx264-dev yasm libass-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev mercurial cmake build-essential mkdir ~/ffmpeg; cd ~/ffmpeg hg clone https://bitbucket.org/multicoreware/x265 cd x265/build/linux PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" -DENABLE_SHARED:bool=off ../../source && PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" sudo make && sudo make install if [ -d ~/ffmpeg ]; then cd ~/ffmpeg; else mkdir ~/ffmpeg && cd ~/ffmpeg; fi wget -O- http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-snapshot.tar.bz2 | tar xj cd ~/ffmpeg/ffmpeg PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib/pkgconfig" \ ./configure \ --prefix="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" \ --pkg-config-flags="--static" \ --extra-cflags="-I$HOME/ffmpeg_build/include" \ --extra-ldflags="-L$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib" \ --extra-libs="-lpthread -lm" \ --bindir="$HOME/bin" \ --enable-gpl \ --enable-libass \ --enable-libfdk-aac \ --enable-libfreetype \ --enable-libmp3lame \ --enable-libopus \ --enable-libtheora \ --enable-libvorbis \ --enable-libvpx \ --enable-libx264 \ --enable-libx265 \ --enable-nonfree && \ PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" sudo make && sudo make install ... # check version: ffmpeg -version sudo su apt-get install asunder ripperx eyed3 id3 easytag abcde id3ren kid3 audacity mediainfo mediainfo-gui ## Kid3-qt (MP3 ID3 Tag Editor) Char Encoding Probleme * Kdenlive * handbrake * Xine * Kodi ==== guvcview ==== sudo apt-get nstall guvcview v4l-utils v4l2-ctl --list-devices HD Pro Webcam C920 (usb-0000:00:14.0-2.2): /dev/video2 /dev/video3 /dev/media1 v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video2 --list-ctrls v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video2 --set-ctrl=exposure_auto=1 v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video2 --set-ctrl=focus_auto=0 ===== CAD & Mechanik ===== libreCAD FreeCAD eagle 7.7.0 CURA ===== Coding & Co. ===== Arduino IDE gcc make python3 Java kdiff3